Idioms – those colourful phrases that don’t always translate directly very well, but which add interest to our speech and show that we aren’t just stuck with the formal language taught in school.
It can be tricky to learn idioms in a classroom environment, at least partly because it is hard to remember phrases that come without context. Some teachers therefore prefer to either group the idioms by theme, or to teach a small selection within a particular setting. Do remember that context is everything. Using too many idioms all at once can make your meaning unclear, so try to use them sparingly.
Our gift to you this month – 8 German idioms which are all to do with sausages!
Das ist mir Wurst. Direct translation: that is sausage to me. Hidden meaning: I don’t care. It’s not important to me.
Es geht um die Wurst. Direct translation: it’s about the sausage. Meaning: It’s a really important thing.
Die beleidigte Leberwurst spielen. Direct translation: to play the offended/huffy liver sausage. Meaning: to sulk
Alles hat ein Ende nur die Wurst hat zwei. Direct translation: Everything has an end, only the sausage has two. Meaning: Everything comes to an end.
Du armes Würstchen. Direct: You poor little sausage. Meaning: This expression shows sympathy, sometimes ironic, for someone in an uncomfortable situation.
Eine Extrawurst verlangen. Direct: to demand a pork sausage. Meaning: The Extrawurst is a special treat kind of sausage. So, this means to ask for special treatment.
In der Not schmeckt die Wurst auch ohne Brot. Direct translation: In an emergency the sausage tastes good even without bread. Meaning: in hardship you can make do without some things.
Sein Senf dazu geben. Direct translation: to add one’s mustard to it (after all, every Wurst needs a bit of mustard!). Meaning: to add one’s opinion, even if it is not wanted.
I hope you have fun with these. If you would like to find more German idioms, try looking for those which include the “Fuß” (foot) or the one with the old Swedish man “Alter Schwede”!
If you are anything like me, then the term “learning vocabulary” may bring back memories of school. A list of words that you absolutely have to learn in time for a test – knowing that a poor mark means a retest, or maybe a detention. Or maybe your school simply didn’t do vocabulary tests (a common situation these days) and so you didn’t learn your new words, which may have had a noticeable effect on your learning outcomes. Sadly, there is no denying that learning words is an essential part of learning a language, so here is Part 2 on “Tips for learning vocabulary”.
If you always have to use a dictionary (whether online or paper) every time you want to say something, then it is no wonder that so many people use translation software. It may be no surprise that I am limited in my enthusiasm for such software – besides the sometimes hilarious errors it can make, I also find that it is often used as a solution rather than a tool, and that it limits a student’s ability to recognise links between words and to work out which option they need when there are several choices.
So, besides learning for yourself and reducing reliance on technology, what other tips can I offer on learning vocabulary?
Make a vocabulary book. I mentioned it last month, but if you don’t make a note of the new word, you won’t remember the new word or think to try and learn it. A simple small notebook will do, preferably divided into topics so that all clothes are in one area, food in another, rather than one long muddled list. Keep it to hand. If you make notes on your phone, do remember to transfer them to the book.
Learn the genders of the words at the same time as you learn the word itself. If a language uses gender for words like “table” then that will have an effect on other words later on, such as adjective endings. The photo attached shows a beautiful picture made by one of my adult students to help her remember the words and genders of parts of the body. Each body part has been coloured in a way to show the gender of the word (pink for feminine, blue for masculine). This way when she thinks of the word, she can picture the image and see whether it was a pink word or a blue one.
Practice with a friend. If you know someone else learning the same language, or have someone helpful in your circle, then why not make a game and test each other? Who can score the highest?
Test yourself regularly. Even if you don’t have a teacher to mark them, set yourself tests and practise regularly. Maybe try a mind-map or a “word splurge”. Write a key word in the middle of your piece of paper (e.g. clothes) then write every word you can think of on that topic. A mind-map would link them together, a “word splurge” is just that – a bunch of words with no obvious structure to the arrangement.
Tips #5? – This one’s a cheat, but try reading last month’s blog for more ideas!
I hope these tips for learning vocabulary are helpful. We all have our own way of learning, so try out a few different ideas and see what works best for you.
Learning a language involves so many different skills. One fact that you really cannot avoid though, is that you will need to learn vocabulary at some point. If, like me, that brings back memories of sitting in front of an exercise book with a list of 20 words and trying desperately to memorise them before Monday’s test, then this may not be your favourite task.
The good news is that there are many different ways to learn and that you should be able to squeeze one or two of them into your routine. Here are 10 tips for learning vocabulary:
Keep a vocabulary notebook handy so that you can keep all your vocabulary in one place. When you see a new word, write it down. It seems obvious, but however sure you are that you will remember that “un éclair” is French for “lightning bolt” the chances are that you will soon forget as you focus instead on your next meeting or to-do list.
Can you make any mental links to help you remember the word? For me, the above example gives a mental picture of chocolate eclairs raining down, accompanied by a soundtrack of thunder.
Even better – spend time each week using those new words in a sentence so that you can practice context.
When you write down a word, make sure that you include relevant grammatical information too. For some languages the gender of a noun is very important, for verbs it may be the past participle.
“Little and often” is best. The process of moving information from short term memory to long term memory is best achieved by regular practice. You can’t learn to play a musical instrument by doing one four-hour mammoth session per month and the same applies to languages. 10 minutes vocabulary practice 3-4 times per week is better than half an hour the night before your next class!
Keep this week’s vocabulary in an obvious place so you can review it regularly. Maybe that is by the kettle so you re-read it every time you make a cup of tea. Alternatively, maybe by the bathroom mirror so you see it as you clean your teeth. Whatever works for you.
Consider using apps and online resources to help. Programmes such as DuoLingo can be invaluable as they provide chances for repetitive practice in an easy-to-use format.
If you learn better by doing rather than seeing or hearing, then you may find that flashcards are helpful. You can make physical flashcards, or use software such as Quizlet for an online version.
Keep on top of it. 10-20 words per week may seem like a little, but busy lives can get in the way of the best intentions. Before long you have a list of 50 or 100 words and the task begins to look more daunting. Especially in the case of exam students and those with a learning deadline, making sure you keep on top of your vocabulary learning will make revision much less stressful.
Advanced learners – look up other relevant words as well. So, if you have the concept of “lesson” then also look up “learn”, “learner”, “student”, “teacher”. If it is a verb such as “to surprise” then also learn the noun “a surprise”, the adjective “surprising” and the adverb “surprisingly”. This kind of focused work will help you to see the patterns of language formation and also widen your vocabulary beyond the simple first word which you wrote down.
Finally, review your vocabulary regularly. It is easy to add in new words and then forget the old through a lack of practice. If you find that you can no longer recall the word for “shirt” then take time to check you can remember the rest of the wardrobe as well!
If you are really keen you could write mini-tests for yourself as you go. If you keep them in the back of your folder or notebook then you can check regularly which topics are due for revision!
Please come back next month to read Learning Vocabulary Part 2: 5 Study Tips 🙂
So, the GCSE and A Level exams are over, and a long summer stretches ahead of us. What do the tutors do during the summer holidays – just relax, right?
Well, if I am writing a blog about it, then there is a fair chance that the answer is “No! We don’t just relax!”. Here are a few of the things I will be getting up to in July and August.
Planning for the term ahead. That isn’t just for schoolteachers. Those who like to work smarter rather than harder will use some of their free time to get ahead of the curve. That may mean reading up on a new curriculum, exam techniques and teaching methods, or simply getting ahead on the lesson plans for each of the students I am expecting in September.
Producing new material. Yes, this does technically come under the idea of planning for the term ahead. Creating new games, activities and even worksheets all take time, so looking back at notes from past classes can give some hints as to which extra materials would be useful. I like to jot ideas down on my phone during the term and then develop the ones which I think will be most useful.
Accounts. Never the most thrilling of tasks, but getting on with the accounts and preparing the tax return for the last financial year is always easier if you are not trying to teach a full timetable at the same time!
Marketing! This should be an all-year-round task, but networking in particular can be hard to make time for when you are in an in-person teaching position. Writing blog posts, preparing advertising, planning social media posts, updating the website…
Clearing the decks at home. I really hope I am not the only tutor who finds that household tasks can slip during the busy exam-preparation period. Fixing a dripping tap, spring cleaning (well, summer cleaning) and having a good declutter all help set up the household for the new academic year. Yes, I genuinely did finally get round to having two drippy taps fixed, and am happy to recommend our lovely plumber to anyone who is in the area!
Reading. I love reading, but so rarely have time to read books for pleasure. While I have some more time available to do so, I will definitely be working through the pile of unread books that have been gathering dust over the last year. I will also be reading the A Level texts that my students will be working on from September, so that I can refresh my memory of the texts and plan which order we will address the relevant tasks.
Teaching! Unlike schoolteachers, independent tutors often continue to work during the holiday seasons. Whether that be helping school students to catch up from the past year (or get ahead for the next one) or continuing classes for adult learners, I am pleased to say that I will continue to teach while the schools have their summer break.
Holiday. Around all of the above we will also be fitting in some time away from home and work. Definitely time for a much-needed rest and recharge.
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